Smart Antennas, Intelligent Designs: A Soft Computing Approach

The emergence of advanced mobile communication technologies like 5G necessitates improvements in existing Smart Antenna technologies. 5G applications focus on providing Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication, a need addressed by Smart Antennas through the modification of radiation patterns. Smart Antenna systems are integral to upcoming 5G technology due to their capacity for extended communication range and improved subscriber experience, ensuring uninterrupted communication during seamless technology transitions.

To meet 5G requirements, there is a necessity to enhance system capacity, improve Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) by efficiently using transmitted power, and implement self-recoverable systems capable of combating malfunctions without immediate human intervention, especially in situations where it may be impractical or costly to replace faulty elements.

Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms like Grey Wolf Optimizer, Harmony Search, Whale Optimization, and Firefly Algorithm, are employed to maximize fitness by meeting objectives of lowering Side Lobe Level (SLL) and/or positioning nulls. The antenna optimization problem, a highly non-convex problem with numerous local optima, is addressed in this book with a novel strategy enhancing the search mechanism of Metaheuristic Algorithms.

This book delves into the intricacies of soft computing applied to Smart Antenna systems, offering innovative solutions for challenges such as lowering side lobe levels, strategic null placement, and resilient pattern recovery in the face of element failures. The book unveils a novel approach, demonstrating the hybridization of algorithms using the Levy walk concept—a concept that has been proven versatile across various applications.

This book explores the influence of individual parameters on the radiation pattern using modified algorithms, analyzing the effects of both individual and simultaneous parametric optimizations. Simulations are conducted in MATLAB for a 10-Element array of Half-wave Dipoles operating in the 5G frequency band, specifically 3.3 GHz to 3.7 GHz. These results are validated using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).

Additionally, a 1×4 Array of Microstrip Patch Antennas is designed and experimentally verified in the 5G frequency band. The array’s response to single and multiple element failures is observed, focusing on Gain, SLL, beamwidth, and null positions. To address element failures, the modified metaheuristic algorithms are employed to optimize excitations for respectful degradation and recovery of the pattern.

This book brings a wealth of knowledge to the readers, inviting them to join in the quest for understanding, innovating, and shaping the future of wireless technologies through this book titled “Smart Antennas, Intelligent Designs: A Soft Computing Approach”.