Recent Trends in Mathematics

In the book “Recent Trends in Mathematics,” we explore the latest advancements in mathematical research and their profound implications across various domains. This collection highlights the application of artificial neural networks to forecast cryptocurrency price fluctuations covering Cardano, Dogecoin, and Ethereum and demonstrates the broader potential of these techniques in financial modeling. Additionally, we delve into the innovative Pourreza Transform for analyzing fractional differential equations, showcasing its theoretical foundations and practical applications. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, students, and professionals, reflecting the dynamic and interdisciplinary nature of contemporary mathematical studies.

The development of this book on IIP has been a journey of exploration and discovery. Our aim has been to present the latest advancements and insights in this rapidly evolving field. This chapter delves into various innovative techniques and methodologies that are shaping the future of industrial processes. The authors hope that this chapter will serve as a valuable resource for professionals, researchers, and students alike.

Difference equations are of course to some extent analogous to differential equations and this parallel is already evident in the familiar appearance of the general solution of a homogeneous linear difference equation with constant coefficients. We write this book to provide a framework for learning and understanding the basic and key concepts of the newly developed generalised difference operators. These necessary skills in a way that emphasizes the uniqueness of to develop the ideas in finite Fourier series and closed functional factorials.